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Technology and Health News > Thursday, May-08-2008

The ideal target for chemotherapie



At the Ifom-Ieo Campus, a study began on the operation of a molecule which opens new avenues of research for less toxic treatments in chemotherapie. The study in Cell magazine.

Developing new chemotherapies able to kill cancer cells without harming healthy ones: This is the goal that's still far away but we can see the light. Thanks to an international study to which has substantially contributed a team of Campus Ifom-Ieo (Foundation Institute of Molecular Oncology - European Institute of Oncology) in Milan, in fact, it was possible to identify a molecule - called Ndc80 - which could be the ideal target of new chemotherapeutic drugs, because it's active only when the cell reproduces (mitosis). The research, led by Andrea Musacchio in collaboration with Peter De Wulf, was published in the journal Cell.

One of the problems with current chemotherapies is that, in addition to attacking the cancer cells, in part it also kills healthy cells. This is because the drugs (for example, taxolo) affect proteins that, although mostly engaged in the process of cell proliferation (typical of tumor masses), they are also involved in other processes with other cells that are not sick. A molecule found only in reproducing cells would be the ideal target.

The structure and operation of this type of molecule has now been revealed. Ndc80 behaves as a kind of "lasso" which links the chromosomes in "mitotic zone", a structure that is formed only during mitosis. In this way, Ndc80 keeps the chromosomes permanently linked avoiding damage to them and ensuring that the order of genes is maintained during the duplication of genetic material, because the two daughter cells don't split. According to the researchers, a drug that goes to interfere with Ndc80 would not be toxic to cells that are not reproducing. The Italian researchers, along with those of the University of North Carolina, Colorado State University (USA), Sir William Dunn School Pathology (Gb), the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh and the University of London (GB), seek time to find out which molecule can block Ndc80 then proceed to the development of a possible drug.

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